A 14-year-old boy, Mridul, has died from a rare brain infection caused by the Naegleria fowleri amoeba after swimming in a contaminated pond in Kerala's Kozhikode. This marks the third such death in the state since May 21, causing concern for public health officials. The Naegleria fowleri amoeba is a tiny organism found in warm freshwaters and can enter the body through the nose, causing a potentially deadly infection. The CDC recommends precautions when swimming in contaminated water to prevent this infection, which is treatable if caught early.
Kerala's Deadly Brain-Eating Amoeba: A Rising Health Concern
Background
Naegleria fowleri, commonly known as the brain-eating amoeba, is a rare but deadly single-cell organism that lives in warm, freshwaters like lakes, rivers, and ponds. It enters the body through the nose while swimming or diving, and travels to the brain, causing a fatal infection known as primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).
Recent Outbreak in Kerala
In Kerala, India, three deaths have been reported since May 2023 due to PAM caused by Naegleria fowleri. The victim in the latest case was a 14-year-old boy who died after swimming in a contaminated pond in Kozhikode.
This outbreak has raised alarm among public health officials and sparked concerns about the safety of freshwater bodies in the state.
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms of PAM include intense headache, fever, nausea, and seizures. It can lead to coma and death within days.
Treatment for PAM is challenging and involves anti-parasitic drugs and supportive care. However, early detection and treatment can improve the chances of survival.
Prevention
To prevent PAM, individuals should:
Top 5 FAQs and Answers
1. What is the survival rate of PAM?
The survival rate varies, but it is generally very low. Studies suggest that it ranges from 3% to 10%.
2. Is drinking contaminated water dangerous?
No, Naegleria fowleri cannot enter the body through the mouth. It can only enter through the nose.
3. Is there a vaccine for PAM?
No, there is currently no vaccine available for PAM.
4. What should you do if you think you may have PAM?
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of PAM after swimming or diving in contaminated water.
5. Why are there more cases of PAM in Kerala?
The exact reason is unknown, but it may be related to the state's climate and the presence of warm, freshwaters suitable for the survival of Naegleria fowleri.
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